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AKTUALITA: Sledujte týdenní aktuality ze světa o možných zdravotních rizikových situacích.
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| AKTUALITY |
| ODBORNÉ PUBLIKACE |
| PRINCIPY OČKOVÁNÍ |
| PRAVIDELNÉ OČKOVÁNÍ |
| DOPORUČENÉ OČKOVÁNÍ |
| OČKOVÁNÍ do CIZINY |
| OČKOVÁNÍ BUDOUCNOSTI |
| ZÁKONNÉ NORMY |
| PORADNA |
| NAPIŠTE NÁM |
| AKTUALITY ze SVĚTA |
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OČKOVÁNÍ proti spalničkám, příušnicím a zarděnkám
| |
|---|---|
|
Určeno
pro odbornou lékařskou veřejnost
| |
|
AKTUALIZACE
ze dne: 7.1.2008
|
|
Spalničky Příušnice |
| Výskyt (Incidence) absolutního počtu případů této nákazy v České republice (od 1955 do 2007) |
|
Spalničky |
| Název komerční vakcíny |
1)
|
2)
|
3)
|
4)
|
5)
|
Poznámka
|
| ERVEVAX |
R
|
13.9.1996
(SPC+PI) |
X
|
není
k dispozici
|
||
| M-M-R II |
MMR
|
5.3.2003(SPC);
31.3.2004(PI) |
R
|
|||
| M-M-RVAXPRO |
MMR
|
5.5.2006
(SPC+PI) |
R
|
|||
| MOPAVAC |
MM
|
3.11.1998
(SPC+PI) |
R
|
|||
| MOVIVAC |
Mu
|
20.3.2002
(SPC+PI) |
R
|
|||
| PAVIVAC |
Mo
|
18.5.2005
(SPC+PI) |
R
|
|||
| PRIORIX |
MMR
|
18.10.2006
(SPC+PI) |
R
|
|||
| PRIORIX-TETRA |
SPC
|
MMR-V
|
8.8.2007(PI)
|
R
|
||
| PROQUAD |
MMR-V
|
6.4.2006
(SPC+PI) |
R
|
|||
| TRIVIVAC |
MMR
|
21.9.2005(SPC);
15.8.2007(PI) |
R
|
|||
| 1) Souhrn údajů o přípravku (SPC) | ||||||
| 2) Příbalová informace (PI) | ||||||
| 3) Zkratka | ||||||
| 4) Datum poslední reveze textu | ||||||
| 5) X ... není již v ČR registrována, R ... vakcína registrována v ČR nebo EU; I ... individuální dovoz (v ČR není registrována); S ... specifický léčebný program (v ČR není registrována) | ||||||
|
Spalničky |
| Vakcinační kmen |
Celkový
počet pasáží |
Koncentrace
ve vakcíně
(log TCID50) |
| Jeryl Lynn (MMR-II) [7,8] |
17
|
3,7(4,4)*
|
| Jeryl Lynn (Trivivac) |
23
|
3,7(4,6)*
|
| Jeryl Lynn, RIT4385 (Priorix) |
17
?
|
3,7
|
| Urabe Am9 |
19
|
3,7(4,6)*
|
| Leningrad-3 [5] |
25
|
|
| L-Zagreb [5] |
26
|
3,5-4,1
|
| Rubini [6,7] |
>30
|
3,7
|
| *) Původní koncentrace | ||
|
|
| Literatura 1. Buynak EB, Hilleman MR. Live attenuated mumps virus vaccine. 1. Vaccine development. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 123:768-775, 1966. 2. Yates PJ, Afzal MA, Minor I'D. Antigenic and generic variation of the HN protein of mumps virus strains, j Gen Virol 77:2491-2497, 19%. 3. Kiinkel U, Driesel G, Henning U, et al. Differentiation of vaccine and wild mumps viruses by polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing of the SH gene: Brief report. J Med Virol 45:121-126, 1995. 4. Cluck R, Hoskins JM, Wcgmann A, et al. Rubini, a new live attenuated mumps vaccine virus strain for human diploid cells. Dev Biol Stand 65:29-35, 1986. 5. M. Beck, R. Welsz-Malecek, M. Mesko-Prejac, V. Rodmant, M. Juzbasic, M. RajMnger-Miholic, M. Prislin-Musk,V. Dobrovsak-Sottrek, S. Smerdell and D. W, Steiner; Mumps vaccine L-Zagreb, prepared in chick fibroblasts. I. Production and field trials; Journal of Biological St.; (1989) 17, 85-90 6. Weekly epidemiological rekord; No. 45, 2001, 76, 345-356 7. Demicheli V, Jefferson T, Rivetti A, Price D; Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children (Review); Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 8. Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Vaccines (third edition), W.W.Saunders company, 1999 9. Hilleman MR, Buynak EV, Whitman JE, et al. Live attenuated rubella virus vaccines: Experiences with duck embryo cell preparations. Am J Dis Child 118:166-171, 1969. 10. Meyer HM, Parkman PD, Hobbins TE, et al. Attenuated rubella viruses: Laboratory and clinical characteristics. Am J Dis Child 118:155-165, 1969. 11. Prinzie A, Huygelen C, Gold J, et al. Experimental live attenuated rubella virus vaccine: Clinical evaluation of Cendehill strain. Am J Dis Child 118:172-177, 1969. 12. Plotkin SA, Farquhar JD, KatzM, Buscr E Attenuation of RA27/ 3 rubella virus in WI-38 human diploid cells. Am J Dis Child 118:178-185, 1969. 13. Plotkin SA. History of rubella and the recent history of cell culture. In Plotkin S, Fantini B (eds). Vaccinia, Vaccination, Vaccinology: Jenner, Pasteur, and Their Successors. Paris, Else-vier, 1996, pp 271-282. 14. Plotkin SA, Comfeld D, Ingalls TH. Studies of immunization with living rubella virus: Trials in children with a strain cultured from an aborted fetus. AmJ Dis Child 110:381-389, 1965. 15. Plotkin SA, Farquhar JD, Ogra PL. Immunologic properties of RA27/3 rubella virus vaccine. JAMA 225:585-590, 1973. 16. PlotHn SA, Farquhar J, Katz M, Ingalls TH. A new attenuated rubella virus growth in human fibroblasts: Evidence for reduced nasopharyngeal excretion. Am J Epidemiol 86:468-477, 1967. |
|
- pro
aktivní imunizaci dětí ve věku od 15 měsíců do 25 měsíců vůči spalničkám,
příušnicím a zarděnkám. |
|
VYHLÁŠKA
(č. 537/2006) ze dne 29. listopadu 2006 (1)
Základní očkování se provede živou očkovací látkou, a to nejdříve první
den patnáctého měsíce po narození dítěte. | |
|
Dávkování:
Způsob
podání: |
|
Provede-li
se očkování o více než 5 dní dříve než je předepsaný věk dítě pro dané
očkování, pak se doporučuje danou dávku opakovat v předepsaný věk dítěte
(ACIP 2006). Provede-li se každá další dávka základního očkování dříve
než je předepsaný minimální interval (tj. 2. a další dávka je podána o
více než 4 dny dříve než je stanovený interval), pak se doporučuje tuto
dávku opakovat, avšak ne dříve než předepsaný minimální interval, tj.
po minimálně 4 týdnech od nesprávného termínu podávání opakované dávky
a to z důvodu možné interference vakcinačního antigenu s imunitní odpovědi
vakcíny podané v nesprávný termín. 4týdenní interval je považován za obecně
dostatečný pro předejití takové interference. Opakovaná dávka je považována
za odpovídající dávku v dané posloupnosti příslušného schématu očkování
a další případná dávka se aplikuje v intervalu počítaném od doby podání
této opakované dávky (ACIP 2006). | |
| Přehled doporučených intervalů (ACIP 2006) | ||
|
Interval
mezi dvěma
po sobě jdoucími dávkami |
Minimální
interval
|
Maximální
interval*
|
| MMR | ||
|
1-2
|
4
týdny
|
3-5
let**
|
| *) Maximální interval je třeba interpretovat jako období mezi dvěma dávkami, kdy existuje určitá (omezená) protekce očkované osoby a není-li překročen pak není nutné očkování opakovat od počátku případně opakovat poslední dávku. | ||
| **) Maximální interval záleží na zvyklostech a kušenostech v zemi, dke se očkování provádí, tento interval může být až 13 let; je rovněž ovlivněn požíváním daného typu vakcíny. | ||
|
A)
Protektivní meze | |
| Vakcína |
Sérokonverze
(pří titru >= 1:2) |
Titrační
kmen
|
Průměrný
geometrický titr
|
| MMR-II (1 dávka, n=85), [101] |
75,6%
|
London
1
|
9,6
|
| Trivivac (1 dávka, n=220) [102] |
70,0%
|
Enders
|
4,0
|
| Priorix (1 dávka, n=84) [101] |
68,1%
|
London
1
|
7,9
|
| Trivivac (2 dávky, n=61) [102] |
100%
|
Enders
|
13,2
|
|
Zarděnky |
| Literatura: 1. Orenstein WA, Albrecht P, Herrmann KL, et al. The plaque neutralization test as a measure of prior exposure to measles virus. J Infect Dis 1987;155:146-148. 2. Sabin AB, Arechiga AF, de Castro FJ, et al. Successful immunization of infants with and without maternal 3. antibody by aerosolized measles vaccine II. Vaccine comparisons and evidence for multiple antibody response. 4. JAMA 1984;251:2363-2371. 5. S2000. Chen RT., Markowitz LE, Albrecht P at al. Measles antibody: reevaluation of protective titers. J.Infect.Dis. 1990, 162, 1036-1042 6. S28. Kiepiela P, Coovadia HM, Loening WE, Coward P, Abdool Karim SS, 1991. Loss of maternal measles antibody in black South 7. African infants in the first year of life-implications for age of vaccination. S Afr Med J 79: 145-148. 8. S29. Cutts FT, 1993. Module 7: Measles, The Immunological Basis for Immunization Series. Geneva: World Health Organization. 9. S2001. Milagritos D. Tapia,* Samba O. Sow, Sandra Medina-Moreno, Yu Lim, Marcela F. Pasetti, Karen Kotloff, And Myron M. Levine; A serosurvey to identify the window of vulnerability to wild-type measles among infants in rural Mali, Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 73(1), 2005, pp. 26-31 10. Polack F, Lee SH, Permar S, et al. Successful DNA immunization against measles: neutralizing antibody against either the hemagglutinin or vision glycoprotein protects rhesus macaques without evidence of atypical measles. Nat Med 2000;6:776-81. 11. Pebody, R. G., Gay, N. J., Hesketh, L. M., Vyse, A., Morgan-Capner, P., Brown, D. W., Litton, P. & Miller, E. 2002, Vaccine 20, 1134-40. 12. Pipkin, P. A., Afzal, M. A., Heath, A. B. & Minor, P. D. 1999, J Virol Methods 79, 219-25. 13. Christenson, B. & Bottiger, M. 1990, Biologicals 18, 213-9. 14. Sugiura, A., Ohtawara, M., Hayami, M., Hisiyama, M., Shishido, A., Kawana, R., Hirayama, M., Makino, S., Kimura, M., Isomura, S., Takahashi, M., Kawakami, K. & Matsuyama, S. 1982, J Infect Dis 146, 709. 15. Friedman, M. G. 1981, J Infect Dis 143, 617. 16. Frankova, V. & Sixtova, E. 1987, Acta Virol 31, 357-64. 17. Tanaka, K., Baba, K., Okada, S., Okuno, Y., Yamanishi, K., Ueda, S., Takahashi, M. & Yamada, A. 1992, Vaccine 10, 824-7. 18. Cusi, M. G., Zurbriggen, R., Valassina, M., Bianchi, S., Durrer, P., Valensin, P. E., Donati, M. & Gluck, R. 2000, Virology 277, 111-8. 19. Wolinsky, J. S., Waxham, M. N. & Server, A. C. 1985, J Virol 53, 727-34. 20. Cusi, M. G., Fischer, S., Sedlmeier, R., Valassina, M., Valensin, P. E., Donati, M. & Neubert, W. J. 2001, Virus Res 74, 133-7. 21. Hilleman, M. R., R. E. Weibel, E. B. Buynak, J. Stokes, Jr., and J. E. Whitman, Jr. 1967. Live attenuated mumps-virus vaccine. IV. Protective efficacy as measured in a field evaluation. N. Engl. J. Med. 276:252-258. 22. Weibel, R. E., E. B. Buynak, J. Stokes, Jr., and M. R. Hilleman. 1970. Persistence of immunity four years following Jeryl Lynn strain live mumps virus vaccine. Pediatrics 45:821-826. 23. Weibel, R. E., E. B. Buynak, J. E. Whitman, Jr., M. B. Leagus, J. Stokes, Jr., and M. R. Hilleman. 1969. Jeryl Lynn strain live mumps virus vaccine. Durable immunity for three years following vaccination. JAMA 207:1667-1670. 24. Weibel, R. E., J. Stokes, Jr., E. B. Buynak, J. E. Whitman, Jr., and M. R. Hilleman. 1967. Live attenuated mumps-virus vaccine. 3. Clinical and serologic aspects in a field evaluation. N. Engl. J. Med. 276:245-251. 25. Buynak, E. B., J. E. Whitman, Jr., R. R. Roehm, D. H. Morton, G. P. Lampson, and M. R. Hilleman. 1967. Comparison of neutralization and hemagglutination-inhibition techniques for measuring mumps antibody. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 125:1068-1071. 26. Shehab, Z. M., P. A. Brunell, and E. Cobb. 1984. Epidemiological standardization of a test for susceptibility to mumps. J. Infect. Dis. 149:810-812. 27. Pons, C., T. Pelayo, I. Pachon, A. Galmes, L. Gonzalez, C. Sanchez, and F. Martinez. 2000 . Two outbreaks of mumps in children vaccinated with the Rubini strain in Spain indicate low vaccine efficacy. Euro. Surveill. 5:80-84. 28. Schlegel, M., J. J. Osterwalder, R. L. Galeazzi, and P. L. Vernazza. 1999 . Comparative efficacy of three mumps vaccines during disease outbreak in Eastern Switzerland: cohort study. BMJ 319:352. 29. Schlegel, M., and P. L. Vernazza. 1998 . Immune response and vaccine efficiency. Vaccine 16:1256. 30. Concepción Cruz Rojo, , a, d, Manuel Rodríguez Iglesiasb, Juana Olverac and Manuela Álvarez Girónd; Study of the immune response engendered by differents combined measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccines in an area of Andalusia (Spain); Vaccine; Volume 22, Issue 2 , 12 December 2003, Pages 280-286 31. Plotkin SA, Farquhar JD, KatzM, Buscr E Attenuation of RA27/ 3 rubella virus in WI-38 human diploid cells. Am J Dis Child 118:178-185, 1969. 32. Plotkin SA, Farquhar J, Katz M, Ingalls TH. A new attenuated rubella virus growth in human fibroblasts: Evidence for reduced nasopharyngeal excretion. Am J Epidemiol 86:468 33. Hillary IB, Meenan PN, Griffiths AH, et al. Rubella vaccine trial in children. BMJ 2:531-532, 1969. 34. Berger R, Just M, Gluck R. Interference between strains in live virus vaccines I: Combined vaccination with measles, mumps ami rubella vaccine. J Biol Stand 16:269-273, 1988. 35. Palmer DF, Cavalalro JJ, Hermann KL, A procedural guide to the performance of rubella hemagglutination-inhibition test. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Center for Disease Control. 1977, Atlanta, GA, USA 36. Cruz Rojo C, Rodriguez Iglesias M, Olvera J, Alvarez Giron M. Study of the immune response engendered by differents combined measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccines in an area of Andalusia (Spain). Vaccine. 2003 Dec 12;22(2):280-6. 37. Black FL, Measles active and passive immunity in a worldwide perspective. Prog Med Virol 36:1-33, 1989. 38. Qrenstein WA, Markowitz L, Preblud SR, et al. Appropriate age for measles vaccination in the United States. Dcv Biol Stand 65:13-21, 1986. 39. Ratnam S, Cadag V, West R, ct al. Comparison of commercial enzyme immunoassay kits with plaque reduction neutralization test: for detection of measles virus antibody. J Clin Microbiol 33:811-815, 1995, 40. Helfand RF, Heath JL, Anderson LJ, et al. Diagnosis of measles with an IgM capture EIA: The optimal timing of specimen collection after rash onset, J Infect Dis 175:195-199, 1997. 41. Brown DW, Ramsay ME, Richards AF, Miller K. Salivary diagnosis of measles: A study of notified cases in the United Kingdom, 1991-1993. BMJ S308:1015-1017, 1994. 42. Langmuir AD. Medical importance of measles. Am J Dis Child 103:224-226, 1962, 43. Black FL. A nationwide screen survey of United States military recruits, 1962. TIL Measles and mumps antibodies. Am J Hyg 80:304-307, 1964. 44. Black FL, Measles antibody prevalence in diverse populations. Am J Dis Child 103:242-249, 1962. 45. James JJ, Halvorson GW. Mcasles-hke disease and measles antibody titers in an adult population. MilitMed 144:672-676, 1979. 46. Preblud SR, Gross F, Ilalsey NA, et al. Assessment of susceptibility to measles and rubella, JAMA 247:113^1137, 1982. 47. dejong JG. The survival of measles virus in air, in relation to the epidemiology of measles. Arch Ges Virnsforsch 16:97-102, 1965. 48. Rilcy RC, Murphy G, Rilcy R-L. Airborne spread of measles in a suburban elementary school. Am J Epidemiol 107:421-432, 1978, 49. Bloch AB, Orenstein WA, Ewing VVM, et aL Measles outbreak in a pediatric practice: Airborne transmission in an office setting. Pediatrics 75:676-683, 1985, 50. Remington PL, Hall WN, Davis III, et al. Airborne transmission of measles in a physician's office. JAMA 253:1574-1577, 1985. 51. Top FH, Measles in Detroit, 1935. I. Factors influencing the secondary attack rate among susceptible^ at risk. Am I Public Health 28:935-943, 1938. 52. Hope-Simpson RE. Infectiousness of commnnicable diseases in the household. Lancet 2:549-554, 1952, 53. Sutter RW, Markowitz LE, Bennetch JM? ct ah Measles among the Amish: A comparative study of measles severity in primary and secondary cases in households, J Infect Dis 163:12-16, 1991. 54. Brandling-Bennett AD, Landrigan Pj, Baker EL. Failure of vaccinated children to transmit measles. JAMA 224:616-618, 1973. 55. The National Vaccine Advisory Committee. The measles epidemic. The problems, barriers, and recommendations. JAMA 266:1547-1552, 1991. 56. Hedrich AW. The corrected average attack rate from measles among city children. Am J Ilyg 11:576-600, 1930. 57. London WP, Yorke JA. Recurrent outhrcaks of measles, chick-cnpox and mumps. L Seasonal variation in contact rates. Am } Epidemiol 98:453-468, 1973. 58. Yorke JA> London WP. Recurrent outbreaks of measles, chick-enpox and mumps. II. Systematic differences in contact rates and stochastic effects. Am J Epidemiol 98:469-482, 1973. 59. Crawford GE, Gremillion DLL Epidemic measles and rubella in Air Force recruits: Impact of immunization, j Infect Dis 144:403^10, 1981. 60. Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Deseda-Tous J, et al. Epidemic measles in young adults: Clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic studies, Ann Intern Med 90:873-876, 1979. 61. Hcrsh BS, Markowitz LE, Hoffman RE, et ah A measles outbreak at a college with a prematriculation immunization requirement. Am J Public Health 81:360-364, 1991. 62. Chen RT, Goldbaum GM, Wassilak SGF? et aL An explosive point-source outbreak in a highly vaccinated population. Am J Epidemiol 129:173-182, 1989. 63. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Measles outbreak among school-aged children-Juneau, Alaska, 1996. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 45:777-780, 1996. 64. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Measles outbreak-southwestern Utah, 1996. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 46:766-769, 1997. 65. Griffith AH. Measles vaccination in tropical countries. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 69:29-30, 1975. 66. Collaborative study by Ministry of Health of Kenya and World Health Organization. Measles immunity in the first year after birth and the optimum age for vaccination in Kenyan children. Bull World Health Organ 55:21-31, 1977. 67. Abdurrahman MB, Taqi AM, Measles immunity and immunization in developing countries of Africa: A review. Afr J Med Sci 10:57-62, 1981. 68. Ministries of Health of Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, and Ecuador and the Pan American Health Organization, Seroconversion rates and measles antibody titers induced by measles vaccination in Latin American children 6 to 12 months of age. Rev Infect Dis 5:596-605, 1983. 69. Halsey NA. The optimal age for administering measles vaccine in developing countries. In Halsey NA, de Quadros CA (eds). Recent Advances in Immunization. A Bibliographic Review. Publication 45 L Washington, DC, Pan American Health Organization, 1983, pp 4-17, 70. Albrecht P, Ron is FA, Saltern an FJ, Krugman S. Persistence of maternal antibody in infants beyond 12 months: Mechanism of measles vaccine failure. J Pediatr 91:715-718, 1977, 71. Krugnian RD? Rosenberg R, Mclntosh K, ct al Further attenuated live measles vaccine: The need for revised recommendations. J Pediatr 91:766-767, 1977. 72. Sato Hj Albrecht P, Reynolds DW, et al. 'Transfer of measles mumps and rubella antibodies from mother to infant. Its effect on measles, mumps and rubella immunization. Am I Dis Child 133:1240-1243, 1979. 73. Krugman S. Present status of measles and rubella immunization in the United Slates: A medical progress report. J Pedktr 78:1- 16, 1971. 74. Arbcter AM, Arthur JII, Bkkeimn GJ. Mclntosh K. Measles immunity: Reimniunization of children who previously received live measles vaccine and gamma globulin. J Pediatr 81:737-741, 1972. 75. Shasby DM, Shopc TC, Downs H, et al. Epidemic measles in a highly vaccinated population. N Engl J Med 296:585-589, 1977. 76. Nkowane BM, Bart SW, Orenstein WA, Baltier M. Measles outbreak in a vaccinated school population: Epidemiology? chains of transmission and the role of vaccine failures. Am J Public Health 77:434-438, 1987. 77. Mclntyrc RC, Preblud SR, Polloi A, Korean M. Measles and measles vaccine efficacy in a remote island population. Bull World Health Organ 60:767-775, 1982. 78. Davis RM, Whitman ED, Orenstein WA, et ah A persistent outbreak of measles despite appropriate prevention and control measures. Am J Kpidcmiol 126:438-449, 1987. 79. American Academy of Pediatrics- Measles immunization-new recommendations. News Release. October 217 1976- 80. Centers for Disease Control, Recommendations of the Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice. Measles vaccine. IWMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 25:359-360, 365, 1976. 81. Marks JS, Halpin TJ, Orenstein WA, Measles vaccine efficacy in children previously vaccinated at 12 months of age. Pediatrics 62:955-960, 1978. 82. Centers for Disease Control. Measles-Florida, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 29:625-628, 1980. 83. Judclsohn RG? Fleissner ML, O'Mara DJ. School-based measles outbreaks: Correlation of age at immunisation with risk of disease. Am J Public Health 70:1162-1165, 1980. 84. Faust HS, Thompson FK Age at and time since vaccination during a measles outbreak in a rural community. Am J Dis Child 137:977-980, 1983, 85. Wassilak SGR Orenstein WA, Strickland PL, et aL Continuing measles transmission in students despite a school based outbreak control program. Am J Epidemiol 122:208-217, 1985. 86. Shelton JDj Jacobson JE? Orenstein WA, et al. Measles vaccine efficacy: Influence of age at vaccination vs duration of time since vaccination. Pediatrics 62:961-964, 1978. 87. Hull HF, Montcs JO, Hays PC, lucero RL. Risk factors for measles vaccine failure among immunized students. Pediatrics 76:518-523, 1985. 88. Krobcr MS, Straccncr CE, Bass J W, Decreased measles antibody response after measles-mumps-rubella vaccine in infants with colds JAMA 265:2095-2096, 1991. 89. Dennehy PH, Saracen CL7 Peter C, Seroconversion rates to combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicclla (MMRV) vaccine of children with upper respiratory tract infection. Pediatrics 94:514-516, 1994. 90. Ratman S, West R, Gadag V. Measles and rubella antibody response after measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in children with afebrile upper respiratory tract infection, J Pediatr 127:432-434, 1995. 91. King GEy Markomtz LE, Heath J, ct al. Antibody response to measles-mumps-rubclla vaccine of children with mild illness at the time of vaccination. JAMA 275:704-707, 1996. 92. Simasathien S, Migasena S, Bellini W, ct al. VIeasles vaccination of Thai infants by intranasal and subcutaneous routes: Possible interference from respiratory infections. Vaccine 15:329-334, 1997. 93. McMurray DN. Loomis AS, Cassazza LJ, Rev H. Influence of moderate malnutrition on morbidity and antibody response following vaccination with live, further attenuated measles virus vaccine. Bull Pan Am Health Organ 13:52-57, 1979, 94. Ifekwunigwe AE, Grasset N, Glass R3 Foster S. Immune response to measles and smallpox vaccinations in malnourished children. Am J Clin Nutr 33:621-624, 1980. 95. Hilleman MR, Buynak EB, Weibel RE, Stokes J Jr. Live attenuated mumps-virus vaccine. N Engl J Med 278:227-232, 1968. 96. Sugg WC, Finger JA, Levine RH, Pagano JS. Field evaluation of live virus mumps vaccine. J Pediatr 72:461-466, 1968. 97. Hillemiin MR, Weibcl RE, Buynak EB, ct al. Live, attenuated mumps-virus vaccine. 4. Protective efficacy as measured in a field evaluation. N Engl J Med 276:252-258, 1967. 98. Zimmermann et al. "Mumps epidemiology in Switzerland: results from the Sentinella surveillance system 1986-1993," Sozial- und Praventivmedzin, 1995, 40(2"): 80-92. 99. Toscani et al. "Comparison of the efficacy of various strains of mumps vaccine: a school survey," Sozial- und Praventivmedzin, 1996, 41(6): 341-7. 100. Miller et al. "Antibodies to measles, mumps, and rubella in UK children 4 years after vaccination with different MMR vaccines," Vaccine, 1995 13; (9): 799-802. 101. S. Stojanov, S. Thaler, D. Krah, S. Olsen, E. Harzer, S. Jow, J.G. Liese, B.H. Belohradsky; Evaluation of mumps neutralizing antibody in a double-blind comparative study of two live-attenuated measles-mumps-rubella vaccines; http://www.kenes.com/espid2001/ESPID_Abstracts/143.htm 102. Lesná I, Petráš M, Clincial Experience, MMR vaccine, TRIVIVAC, January 2003; unpublished data 103. Freestone DS, Reynolds GM, McKinnin JA, Prydie J. Vaccination of schoolgirls against rubella: Assessment of serological status and a comparative trial of Wistar RA 27/3 and Cendehill sttain live attenuated rubella vaccines in 13-year-old schoolgirls in Dudley. Br J Prev Soc Med 29:258-261, 1975. 104. Bottiger M, Heller L. Experiences from vaccination and revaeei-nation of teenage girls with three different rubella vaccines. J Biol Stand 4:107-114, 1976. 105. Grillner L. Neutralizing antibodies after rubella vaccination of newly delivered women. A comparison between three vaccines. Scand J Infect Dis 7:169-172, 1975. 106. MenserMA, Forrest JM, Bransby RD, Collins E. Rubella vaccination in Australia: Experience with the RA27/3 rubella vaccine and results of a double-blind trial in schoolgirls. Med J Aust 2:85-88, 1978. 107. BestJM, Banarvala JE, Bowen JM. New Japanese rubella vaccine: Comparative trials. BMJ 3:221-224, 1974. 108. Wang S, Han Y, Su W, et al. Studies on the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the BRD-2 and RA27/3 live attenuated rubella vaccines. Vaccine 2:227-280, 1984. 109. Ogra PL, Kerr-Grant D, Umana G, et al. Antibody response in serum and nasopharynx after naturally acquired and vaccine-induced infection with rubella vims. N Engl J Med 285:1333-1339, 1971. 110. Cradock-Watson JE, MacDonald J, Ridehalgh MKS, et al. Nasal immunoglobulin responses in acute rubella determined by the immunofhiorescent technique. J Hyg (Camb) 71:603-616, 1973. 111. Cradock-Watson JE, MacDonald J, Ridehalgh MKS, et al. Specific immunoglobulin responses in serum and nasal secretions after the administration of attenuated mbella vaccine. J Hyg (Camb) 73:127-141, 1974. 112. Furesz J. Antibody response of school children to live attenuated rubella virus vaccines as measured with various serologic methods. Am J Epidemiol 95:536-541, 1972. 113. Dai B, Zhihui C, Qichang L, et al. Duration of immunity following immunization with live measles vaccine: 15 years of observation in Zhejiang Province, China. Bull WHO 1991;69:415-423. 114. Krugman S. Further attenuated measles vaccine: characteristics and use. Rev Infect Dis 1983;5:477-481. 115. Xiang J, Chen Z. Measles vaccine in the People's Republic of China. Rev Infect Dis 1983;5:506-510. 116. Zhuji measles vaccine study group. Epidemiologic examination of immunity period of measles vaccine (Chinese). Chin Med J 1987;67:19-22. 117. Mathias R, Meekison J, Arcan T, et al. The role of secondary vaccine failures in measles outbreaks. Am J Public Health 1989;79:475-478. 118. Reyes MA, Franky de Borrero M, Roa J, et al. Measles vaccine failure after documented seroconversion. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1987;6:848-851. 119. Nagy G, Kosa S, Takatsy S, et al. The use of IgM tests for analysis of the cause of vaccine failure: experience gained in an epidemic in Hungary in 1980 and 1981. J Med Virol 1984;13:93-103. 120. Cherry JF, Feigin RD, Lobes LA, et al. A clinical and serological study of 103 children with measles vaccine failure. J Pediatr 1973;82:802-808. 121. Smith FR, Curran AS, Raciti A, et al. Reported measles in persons immunologically primed by prior vaccination. J Pediatr 1982;101:391-393. 122. Aaby P, Bukh J, Leehoy J, et al. Vaccinated children get milder measles infection: a community study from Guinea-Bissau. J Infect Dis 1986;154:858-863. 123. Ueda S, Okuno Y, Sakamoto Y, et al. Studies on further attenuated live measles vaccine. VIII. Estimated duration of immunity after vaccination without natural infection. Biken J 1974;17:11-20. 124. Cutts FT, 1993. Module 7: Measles, The Immunological Basis for Immunization Series. Geneva: World Health Organization 125. Weibel RE, Buynak EB, McLean AA, Hilleman MR. Followup surveillance for antibody in human subjects following live attenuated measles, mumps and rubella virus vaccines. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 162:328-332, 1979. 126. Weibel RE, Buynak EB, McLean AA, Hilleman MR. Persistence of antibody after administration of monovalent and combined live attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccines. Pediatrics 61:5-11, 1978. 127. Weibel RE, Buynak EB, McLean AA, et al. Persistence of antibody in human subjects for 7 to 10 years following administration of combined live attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccines. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 165:260-263, 1980. 128. Weibel RE. Mumps vaccine. In Plotkin SA, Mortimer EA (cds). Vaccines. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1988 p 231. 129. Boulianne N, Dc Serres G, Ratinan S, et al. Measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies in children 5-6 years after immunization: Effect of vaccine type and age at vaccination. Vaccine 13:1611-1616, 1995. 130. Davidkin I, Valle M, Julkunen I. Persistence of anri-mumps virus antibodies after a two-dose MMR vaccination. A nine-year follow-up. Vaccine 13:1617-1622, 1995. 131. Liebhaber H, Ingalls TH, Le Bouvier GL, Horstmann DM. Vaccination with RA27/3 rubella vaccine. Am J Dis Child 123:133-136, 1972. 132. Black FL, Lamm SH, Emmons JE, Knheiro FP. Reactions to rubella vaccine and persistence of antibody in virgin-soil populations after vaccination and wild virus-induced immunization. J Infect Dis 133:393-398, 1976. 133. Balfour HH, Groth KE, Edelman CK. RA27/3 rubella vaccine. Am J Dis Child 134:350-353, 1980. 134. Hilary IB, Griffith AH. Persistence of rubella antibodies 15 years after subcutaneous administration of Wistar 27/3 strain live attenuated rubella virus vaccine. Vaccine 2:274-276, 1984. 135. O'Shea S, Best JM, Banatvala JE, et al. Rubella vaccination: Persistence of antibodies for 10-21 years [letter]. Lancet 2:909, 1988. 136. King JC, Lichenstein R, Fcigelman S, et al. Measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies in vaccinated Baltimote children. Am J Dis Child 147:558-550, 1993. 137. Christenson B, Bottiger M. Long-term follow-up study of rubella antibodies in naturally immune and vaccinated young adults. Vaccine 12:41-45, 1994. 138. Johnson C, Kumar M, Whitwell J, et al. Antibody persistence after Primary measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and response to a second dose given at four to six vs. eleven to thirteen years. Pediatr Infect Dis J 15:687-692, 1996. 139. Forrest JM, Slinn RF, Nowak MJ, Menser MA. Duration of immunity to rubella. Lancet 1:10-13, 1971. 140. Plotkin SA, Buser F. History of RA27/3 rubella vaccine. Rev Infect Dis 7:S77-S78, 1985. |
|
- děti
s akutním horečnatým onemocněním nesmí být očkovány minimálně do 2 týdnů
po úplném vyléčení |
|
- výjimečně
existuje možnost vzniku anafylaktického šoku |
| Literatura 1. Weibel RE, Stokes J, Buynak KB, et al. Live attenuatetl mumps virus vaccine. 3. Clinical and serologic aspects in a field evaluation. N Engl J Med 276:245-251, 1967. 2. Yamauchi T, Wilson C, St Geme JW. Transmission of live, attenuated mumps virus to the human placenta. N Engl J Med 290:710-712, 1974. 3. Stokes J Jr, Weibel RE, Buynak EB, Hilleman MR. Live attenuated mumps virus vaccine: II. Early clinical studies. Pediatrics 39:363-371, 1967. 4. Sawada H, Yano S, Oka Y, Togashi T. Transmission of Urabe Am 9 mumps vaccine between siblings [letter]. Lancet 342:371, 1993. 5. Balfour HH, Groth KE, Edelman CK, et al. Rubella viremia and antibody responses after rubella vaccination and reimmunization. Lancet 1:1078-1080, 1981. 6. Marshall WC, Peckham CS, Darby CP, ct al. Further studies with rubella vaccines in adults and children. Practitioner 207:632-638, 1971. 7. Detels R, Kim KSW, Gale JL, Grayston JT. Viral shedding in Chinese children following vaccination with HPV-77 and Cendehill-51 live attenuated rubella vaccines. Am J Epidemiol 94:473-478, 1971. 8. Prinzie A, Huygelen C, Gold J, et al. Experimental live attenuated rubella virus vaccine: Clinical evaluation of Cendehill strain. Am J Dis Child 118:172-177, 1969. 9. Plotkin SA, Farquhar JD, KatzM, Buscr E Attenuation of RA27/ 3 rubella virus in WI-38 human diploid cells. Am J Dis Child 118:178-185, 1969. 10. Perkins FT. Licensed vaccines. Rev Infect Dis 7:S73-S76, 1985. 11. Fleet WE, Vaughn WM, Lefkowitz LB, et al. Gestational exposure to rubella vaccinees: A population surveillance study. Am j Epidemiol 101:220-230, 1975. |
|
Toto
očkování by se němělo provádět: Toto
očkování se odkládá: |
|
- vakcína
se nedoporučuje aplikovat během těhotenství a laktace |
|
Přehled
nežádoucích účinků po očkování bez ohledu na použitý typ komerční vakcíny
a charakter vakcíny. Tyto údaje jsou pouze orientační a mohou se pro konkrétní
vakcínu lišit. |
| Typ reakce / Systém | ČETNOST | POPIS |
| Lokální
reakce |
Časté:
>= 1% a < 10% |
zarudnutí, bolest, zatvrdnutí a otok v místě vpichu, krátkodobé pocity pálení a/nebo píchání na místě vpichu |
| Celkové
reakce |
Velmi
časté: >= 10% |
zvýšená teplota; Horečka nebo zvýšená teplota se vyskytuje mezi 5. a 12. dnem po vakcinaci; u vakcíny Trivivac je četnost výskytu teploty uváděna vyšší než u jiných vakcín |
| Časté:
>= 1% a < 10% |
vyrážka, horečka (nad 39°C) | |
| Neobvyklé
(Méně časté): >= 0,1% a < 1% |
nervozita, únava, bolest hlavy, nechutenství, nauzea, průjmy, zvracení, faryngitida, bolest v krku, infekce horních dýchacích cest, rhinitida, bronchitida, kašel, virová onemocnění, zánět středního ucha, artralgie, myalgie; Artralgie a/nebo artritida se vyskytují častěji u dospělých žen; někdy tyto příznaky mohou být chronické. | |
| Vzácné:
>= 0,01% a < 0,1% |
retinitida, konjunktivitida, orchitida | |
| Neurologické
reakce |
Vzácné:
>= 0,01% a < 0,1% |
febrilní křeče, afebrilní konvulze nebo záchvaty |
| Velmi
vzácné: < 0,01% |
postvakcinační onemocnění meningitido |